Kimwe mubibazo bikunze kugaragara hamwe no kuvura urumuri rutukura ni agace k'amaso.Abantu bashaka gukoresha amatara atukura kuruhu rwo mumaso, ariko bafite impungenge ko itara ritukura ryerekanwe ntirishobora kuba ryiza kumaso yabo.Hari ikintu cyo guhangayika?Itara ritukura rishobora kwangiza amaso?cyangwa mubyukuri birashobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane kandi bigafasha gukiza amaso yacu?
Intangiriro
Amaso yenda ni ibice byoroshye kandi byigiciro cyumubiri.Imyumvire igaragara nigice cyingenzi cyubunararibonye bwacu, kandi ikintu cyingenzi mubikorwa byacu bya buri munsi.Amaso yumuntu yumva cyane cyane urumuri, abasha gutandukanya amabara agera kuri miliyoni 10.Bashobora kandi kumenya urumuri hagati yuburebure bwa 400nm na 700nm.
Ntabwo dufite ibyuma byokwegera hafi yumucyo wa infragre (nkuko bikoreshwa mubuvuzi bwumucyo wa infragre), nkuko tutabona ubundi burebure bwumurambararo wa EM nka UV, Microwave, nibindi. Byaragaragaye vuba aha ko ijisho rishobora kumenya a fotone imwe.Kimwe n'ahandi ku mubiri, amaso agizwe na selile, selile yihariye, byose bikora imirimo idasanzwe.Dufite ingirabuzimafatizo kugirango tumenye ubukana bwurumuri, selile ya cone kugirango tumenye ibara, selile zitandukanye za epiteliyale, urwenya rutanga ingirabuzimafatizo, ingirabuzimafatizo zitanga ingirabuzimafatizo, nibindi.Ingirabuzimafatizo zose zakira inyungu zindi miterere yumucyo.Ubushakashatsi muri kariya gace bwiyongereye cyane mu myaka 10 ishize.
Ni irihe bara / Uburebure bwumucyo bifitiye akamaro amaso?
Inyinshi mu nyigo zerekana ingaruka zingirakamaro zikoresha LED nkisoko yumucyo hamwe nubwinshi bwinshi hafi yumuraba wa 670nm (umutuku).Uburebure n'umucyo ubwoko / isoko ntabwo aribintu byonyine byingenzi nubwo, nkumucyo wumucyo nigihe cyo kwerekana bigira ingaruka kubisubizo.
Nigute itara ritukura rifasha amaso?
Urebye ko amaso yacu arirwo rugingo rwibanze rwumucyo mumubiri, umuntu ashobora gutekereza ko kwinjiza urumuri rutukura na conone yacu itukura bifite aho bihuriye ningaruka zigaragara mubushakashatsi.Ntabwo aribyo rwose.
Igitekerezo cyibanze gisobanura ingaruka zumutuku kandi hafi yumuriro wa infragre, ahantu hose mumubiri, harimo imikoranire yumucyo na mitochondria.Igikorwa cyibanze cya mitochondria nugukora ingufu zingirabuzimafatizo -imiti yoroheje yongerera ubushobozi bwo gukora ingufu.
Amaso yabantu, cyane cyane selile ya retina, afite metabolike isabwa cyane mumubiri wose - bisaba imbaraga nyinshi.Inzira imwe rukumbi yo guhaza iki cyifuzo kinini ni uko ingirabuzimafatizo zakira mitochondriya nyinshi - kandi rero ntibitangaje kuba selile zo mumaso zifite ubwinshi bwa mitochondriya ahantu hose mumubiri.
Urebye nkubuvuzi bworoheje bukora binyuze mumikoranire na mitochondriya, kandi amaso afite isoko ikungahaye kuri mitochondriya mumubiri, nibitekerezo byumvikana gushidikanya ko urumuri narwo ruzagira ingaruka zikomeye mumaso ugereranije nabandi basigaye umubiri.Hejuru y'ibyo, ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekanye ko kwangirika kw'ijisho na retina bifitanye isano itaziguye n'imikorere mibi ya mito-iyambere.Ubuvuzi rero bushobora kugarura mitochondriya, muribwo harimo benshi, mumaso nuburyo bwiza.
Uburebure bwiza bwumucyo
670nm urumuri, umutuku wimbitse ugaragara wurumuri, kugeza ubu rwizwe cyane kubintu byose byamaso.Ubundi burebure hamwe nibisubizo byiza birimo 630nm, 780nm, 810nm & 830nm. Laser na LEDs - inoti Itara ritukura riva kuri lazeri cyangwa LED rishobora gukoreshwa ahantu hose kumubiri, nubwo hariho ikintu kimwe kidasanzwe kuri laseri - amaso.Lazeri ntabwo ikwiriye kuvura urumuri rwamaso.
Ibi biterwa na parallel / coherent beam umutungo wumucyo wa laser, ushobora kwibanda kumurongo wijisho kugeza kuntambwe nto.Urumuri rwose rw'urumuri rwa lazeri rushobora kwinjira mu jisho kandi izo mbaraga zose zegeranijwe ahantu hato cyane kuri retina, bigatanga ingufu nyinshi cyane, kandi bishobora gutwikwa / kwangiza nyuma yamasegonda make.LED itara imishinga hanze kuruhande kandi ntabwo ifite iki kibazo.
Ubucucike bwimbaraga & dose
Itara ritukura rinyura mu jisho hamwe no kwanduza hejuru ya 95%.Ibi nukuri kumuri hafi yumucyo kandi bisa nundi mucyo ugaragara nkubururu / icyatsi / umuhondo.Urebye uko urumuri rwinshi rutukura, amaso arasaba gusa uburyo bwo kuvura uruhu.Ubushakashatsi bukoresha hafi 50mW / cm2 yubucucike bwimbaraga, hamwe na dosiye nkeya ya 10J / cm2 cyangwa munsi yayo.Kubindi bisobanuro kubijyanye no kuvura urumuri, reba iyi nyandiko.
Umucyo wangiza amaso
Ubururu, violet na UV urumuri rwumurambararo (200nm-480nm) ni bibi kumaso, guhuzwa no kwangirika kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika muri cornea, urwenya, lens na nervice optique.Ibi birimo itara ryubururu butaziguye, ariko kandi nubururu bwubururu nkigice cyamatara yera nkurugo / umuhanda LED amatara cyangwa mudasobwa / terefone.Amatara yera yera cyane cyane afite ubushyuhe bwamabara menshi (3000k +), afite ijanisha ryinshi ryumucyo wubururu kandi ntabwo ari byiza kumaso.Imirasire y'izuba, cyane cyane izuba rya sasita igaragara kumazi, nayo irimo ijanisha ryinshi ry'ubururu, bigatuma amaso yangirika mugihe.Kubwamahirwe ikirere cyisi kirayungurura (ikwirakwiza) urumuri rwubururu kurwego runaka - inzira yiswe 'rayleigh itatanya' - ariko urumuri rwizuba rwa sasita ruracyafite byinshi, nkurumuri rwizuba mumwanya wabonywe nabanyenyeri.Amazi akurura urumuri rutukura cyane kuruta urumuri rwubururu, bityo rero urumuri rwizuba rwibiyaga / inyanja / nibindi ni isoko yubururu gusa.Ntabwo bigaragarira gusa ku zuba rishobora kwangiza nubwo, 'ijisho rya surfer' nikibazo gikunze kugaragara kijyanye no kwangirika kwamaso ya UV.Ba mukerarugendo, abahiga n'abandi bo hanze barashobora guteza imbere ibi.Abasare gakondo nkabasirikare bakuru barwanira mu mazi hamwe naba pirate hafi ya bose batezimbere ibibazo byerekezo nyuma yimyaka mike, cyane cyane kubitekerezo byizuba ryizuba ryizuba, bikabije kubibazo byimirire.Uburebure bwa kure bwa infragre (hamwe nubushyuhe muri rusange) burashobora kwangiza amaso, kimwe nizindi selile zumubiri, kwangirika kwimikorere bibaho iyo selile zimaze gushyuha cyane (46 ° C + / 115 ° F +).Abakozi mu itanura rya kera imirimo ijyanye no gucunga moteri no guhuha ibirahuri buri gihe byateje imbere ibibazo byamaso (nkubushyuhe buturuka kumuriro / itanura ni infragre).Urumuri rwa Laser rushobora kwangiza amaso, nkuko byavuzwe haruguru.Ikintu kimeze nka lazeri yubururu cyangwa UV cyaba cyangiza cyane, ariko icyatsi, umuhondo, umutuku kandi hafi ya lazeri ya infragre irashobora guteza ibyago.
Amaso yarafashijwe
Icyerekezo rusange - acuity visual, Cataracts, Diyabete Retinopathie, Macular Degeneration - bita AMD cyangwa imyaka ijyanye na macula degeration, Amakosa yangiritse, Glaucoma, Ijisho ryumye, amagorofa.
Porogaramu ifatika
Gukoresha imiti yoroheje mumaso mbere yizuba (cyangwa guhura numucyo wera wera).Gukoresha buri munsi / buri cyumweru kugirango wirinde kwangirika kw'amaso.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-20-2022