Habeho urumuri — ku bubabare bwawe, uruhu rwawe, n'ibikomere byawe, ni ukuvuga. Amahirwe yo kubona urumuri rutukura mu kuvura ibibazo bitandukanye by'ubuzima n'ubwiza arimo kugaragara kubera ubushake bw'abashakashatsi, za kaminuza n'ibitaro, ndetse n'ibikoresho byo mu rugo bituma ruboneka ku buryo bworoshye.
Ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura (RLT) ni ubwoko bwa photomedicine, ari nabwo "bukoreshwa mu kuvura uruhu n'izindi ndwara," nk'uko bivugwa na Jared Jagdeo, MD, umuyobozi washinze Ikigo cy’Ubuvuzi bw’urumuri muri Kaminuza ya SUNY Downstate Health Sciences i Brooklyn, New York.
Hano, menya amateka y'ubu buvuzi, uko bukora, ibyiza bushobora kugira, icyo wakwitega mu buvuzi, n'ibindi byinshi.
Amateka y'ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura
Hari irindi jambo risobanura ubuvuzi bw'urumuri, kandi iryo ni ubuvuzi bw'urumuri (cyangwa PBM mu magambo ahinnye), nk'uko Praveen Arany, PhD, DDS, umwarimu wungirije muri Kaminuza ya Buffalo akaba n'umuyobozi w'agateganyo w'Ikigo cy'Ubuhanga mu Gutunganya Udukoko muri Kaminuza ya Shepherd i Shepherdstown, muri Virijiniya y'Iburengerazuba abivuga. Andi magambo avuga ikintu kimwe ni ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rwo hasi (LLLT), gushishikariza urumuri, no kuvura hakoreshejwe umucyo w'urumuri, nk'uko abivuga.
Ubuvuzi bw'urumuri bumaze imyaka irenga 50. Bwavumbuwe na muganga w'Umunya-Hongiriya witwa Endre Mester mu myaka ya 1960 ubwo ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi bwakoreshaga laser itukura ku mbeba bwatumaga umusatsi ukura kandi ibikomere bigakira, nk'uko bigaragazwa n'inyandiko y'ubushakashatsi yasohotse mu Kuboza 2017 mu kinyamakuru Journal of Biophotonics. Mu myaka yashize, uburyo bwo kuvura bw'urumuri bwafatwaga nk'ubuhimbano. Ariko bitewe n'ubushakashatsi bushya (bumwe buvuguruzanya), umuryango w'abahanga watangiye kubyitaho.
“Ubu muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ubuvuzi bw’urumuri rutukura buracyafatwa nk’ubumenyi butari ubwa siyansi isanzwe. Ariko hari ibigo by’amashuri n’amavuriro biri kwiyongera bikoresha ikoranabuhanga kandi bikarigeza ku barwayi,” Dr. Arany aravuga.
Ubu hari ibigo, nk'icyo muri Kaminuza ya Shepherd, byiyemeje kwigisha abahanga mu by'ubuzima n'abahanga mu bya siyansi ku bijyanye n'ubuziranenge bwa PBM nk'ubuvuzi bw'ubuvuzi, ndetse n'imiryango y'abanyamwuga, nka Ishyirahamwe ry'Abanyamerika y'Amajyaruguru rishinzwe Ubuvuzi bwo Gukoresha Ifoto (NAALT) na PBM Foundation. Imwe mu mikoreshereze ikunzwe cyane y'ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura ni mu kwita ku ruhu, kandi kuboneka kw'ibikoresho bihendutse byo mu rugo byatumye bikundwa cyane.
Uburyo Ubuvuzi bw'Urumuri Rutukura Bukora
Guhindura urumuri hakoreshejwe urumuri mu miterere y'uburebure runaka. Arany avuga ko urumuri rutukura rufite imiterere y'uburebure iri hagati ya nanometero 400 (nm) (ubururu) kugeza kuri 1,200 nm (hafi ya infrared). Urumuri rutukura rufite imiterere y'uburebure iri hagati ya 620 na 750 nm, nk'uko Ikigo cy'Igihugu cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Myuka kibitangaza. Uru ni urumuri rugaragara.
Avuga ko urumuri rw'ubururu, icyatsi n'umutuku byose byakoreshejwe neza mu kuvura PBM. Urumuri rw'imirasire ya infrared, ari rwo rurerure rw'uburebure bw'umuraba (kugeza kuri 1.200 nm), rukoreshwa no muri PBM kandi ruboneka muri sauna za infrared. Nubwo uru rumuri rushobora kugaragara nk'umutuku, mu by'ukuri, urumuri rwa infrared ntirugaragara ahubwo rushyushya umubiri imbere kugira ngo rutere impinduka mu miterere y'umubiri.
By’umwihariko, uburyo bwo kuvura urumuri rutukura bwagiye bukundwa cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha kandi bushobora kuba ari bwo buzwi cyane kandi bworoshye kubona. Arany agira ati: “Ibikoresho by’urumuri rutukura biroroshye gukora kandi biraboneka cyane.”
None se bikora bite? Iyo uduce tw’urumuri (photons) dushyizwe hafi y’uruhu, twinjira mu ngingo hanyuma tugakoresha chromophores (igice cya molekile iduha ibara ryacyo), ibyo bikaba bitera impinduka mu turemangingo, nk’uko bivugwa n’Umuryango w’Abanyamerika wita ku Buvuzi bwa Laser n’Ubuvuzi. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo kuvura urumuri rutukura bugira ingaruka kuri mitochondria (ingufu z’uturemangingo), butanga ATP (ingufu) kugira ngo butere imbere gukira, nk’uko bivugwa n’Ikigo cya PBM.
Kugira ngo ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura bukore neza, hagomba gukoreshwa amabwiriza n'ibipimo byihariye, bitewe n'ikibazo cy'ubuzima bwawe, ari nayo mpamvu umuganga w'umuhanga ari ingenzi cyane, nk'uko Arany abivuga. Niba bishoboka, shaka ubu buvuzi mu bitaro, muri kaminuza, cyangwa mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi. Agira inama yo kwirinda ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura butangwa muri salon cyangwa spa.
Ibikoresho by'urumuri rutukura bishobora kugurwa no gukoreshwa mu rugo mu kwita ku ruhu, kandi ibi akenshi biba bifite umutekano wo kubikoresha nk'uko byategetswe, nk'uko bivugwa na Dr. Jagdeo.
Ibikoresho byo kuvura amatara atukura bifite amatara atukura ya LED akoreshwa mu ntoki, amatara ya LED, cyangwa ibitanda byuzuye umubiri wose, bitewe n'impamvu yo kuvurwa. Hari ibikoresho bikoresha amatara atukura n'ay'imirasire hafi ya infrared, ariko muri rusange, nta bwoko butandukanye bw'amatara atukura akoreshwa.
Ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura
Ibikoresho byo kuvura amatara atukura bifite amatara atukura ya LED akoreshwa mu ntoki, amatara ya LED, cyangwa ibitanda byuzuye umubiri wose, bitewe n'impamvu yo kuvurwa. Hari ibikoresho bikoresha amatara atukura n'ay'imirasire hafi ya infrared, ariko muri rusange, nta bwoko butandukanye bw'amatara atukura akoreshwa.
Ibyiza bishoboka byo kuvura urumuri rutukura
Nubwo ubushakashatsi butanga icyizere ku buvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura, haracyari ubushakashatsi buvuguruzanya - kandi bumwe nta nyungu bugaragaza ku ndwara zimwe na zimwe. Muri rusange, ubushakashatsi bukeneye uburyo buhanitse bwo kugena uko ibintu bimeze (mu gipimo n'igihe) bitewe n'imiterere y'indwara kugira ngo abahanga n'abakora mu buvuzi basobanukirwe neza ibyiza by'ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura. Hasi hari uburyo bushobora gukoreshwa mu buvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura, nk'uko impuguke zibivuga.
Yongera Isura y'Urwaruka mu Ruhu
Imwe mu nyungu zikunze kuvugwa cyane zo kuvura urumuri rutukura ni ingaruka zarwo ku ruhu. Ishobora gukoreshwa mu guhangana n'ibi bikurikira:
Ibiheri
Imirongo mito n'iminkanyari
Gukura k'umusatsi
Umutuku
Jagdeo avuga ko uburyo bwo kuvura urumuri rutukura bugabanya ububyimbirwe kugira ngo bukize ubutukura, ibiheri, n'imikurire y'umusatsi, kandi bigatuma uburyo bwo kuvura ibi bibazo burushaho gukora neza. Byongeye kandi, iyo bigeze ku gukumira ibibyimba, "uburyo bwo kuvura urumuri rutukura bwongera ubwirinzi bwacu bw'umubiri ku bagiteri zijyana no kurema ibiheri." Ku bijyanye n'iminkanyari n'iminkanyari, ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwibanda ku misemburo ijyana no kwangirika kwa kolajeni kandi bukanatera imbaraga mu gukora kolajeni, nk'uko bivugwa na Cleveland Clinic.
Ifasha mu gusana imvune za siporo
Guhagarara inyuma y'imvune biragoye cyane mu mutwe no ku mubiri, ariko uburyo bwo kuvura urumuri rutukura bushobora kugufasha kongera kwihagararaho. Arany agira ati: “Urumuri rutukura rushobora gukoreshwa mu kunoza imikorere y'imitsi y'amagufwa, kugabanya ububabare, no kunoza gukira imvune.” Abanditsi b'isuzuma ryasohotse mu Ukuboza 2021 mu kinyamakuru Life bavuze ko PBM ishobora gukoreshwa haba mu kuvura imvune za siporo, ndetse no mu kunoza imikorere ya siporo, nubwo hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi.
Ifasha mu kuvura ibikomere
Arany, wasohoye isuzuma muri Mata 2019 mu gitabo cye Advances in Skin and Wound Care kuri iyi ngingo, yagize ati: “Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri laboratwari yanjye bwerekana ko PBM ishobora gukora ikintu gikomeye gitera imbaraga mu gukura no gukira kw’ingingo, ikintu gishobora kuba ingenzi cyane ku bikomere byo mu kanwa, nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwabigaragaje.
Bigabanya Ububabare
Ububabare buzwiho kugorana kuvura, ariko uburyo bwo kuvura bworoheje bushobora kuba igikoresho cyiza cyo gufasha. Arany agira ati: “Umucyo utukura ukora ku mitsi itera ububabare.”
Nk’uko isuzuma riherutse gutangazwa muri Nyakanga 2022 mu kinyamakuru Journal of Pain ribigaragaza, urumuri rutukura rushobora kuba rwiza ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw’ububabare kurusha ubundi, abanditsi bavuze ko hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko urumuri rutukura rugira akamaro ku ndwara nk’indwara ya fibromyalgia, umuvuduko w’amaraso udakira, osteoarthritis, na neuropathy.
Bigabanya ingaruka mbi zo kuvura kanseri
Arany avuga ko iyo ikoreshejwe mu buryo bwo kwirinda mbere yo guhabwa imiti igabanya ububabare cyangwa imirasire, ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura bushobora gufasha kugabanya ingaruka mbi, nk'ububabare, n'ubukana bwabyo, nubwo hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku bantu kugira ngo busobanukirwe neza iyi nyungu.
Urugero, ubushakashatsi bumwe bwakorewe ku mbeba, bwasohotse mu Ukuboza 2021 mu kinyamakuru Photonics, bwagaragaje ko urumuri rutukura n'ubuvuzi bwa hafi ya infrared bigabanya ubukana bw'ibyangiritse by'uruhu mu mirasire kandi bikongera ubushobozi bw'uruhu bwo gukira. Ubu ni ubushakashatsi bwakorewe ku nyamaswa, nubwo butanga ishingiro ry'ubushakashatsi bukenewe kurushaho.
Ubundi bushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere bwagaragaje ko PBM yagabanije kubyimba no kubyimba kw'imitsi yo mu kanwa ku bantu bafite kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi, nubwo hakenewe ubundi bushakashatsi.
Ingaruka zo kuvura urumuri rutukura
Ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura bwemejwe n'Ikigo gishinzwe Ibiribwa n'Imiti muri Amerika (FDA), nk'uko bivugwa n'Ikigo cya PBM. Jagdeo avuga ko bufatwa nk'ubutekanye cyane, nubwo hari amahirwe yo gukora amakosa ku bakoresha niba ukoresha igikoresho cyo mu rugo. Urugero, birashoboka gukoresha igikoresho cyane cyangwa kugikoresha kenshi kuruta uko byasabwe n'uwagikoze. Inkuru y'amahirwe ni uko ibikoresho byinshi byo mu rugo bifite igihe cyo kwihutisha kandi bigafunga, nk'uko Jagdeo abivuga, ibyo bigatuma byoroha kutabikora cyane. Buri gihe kurikiza amabwiriza, kandi menya ko Journal of Pain review yavuze ko bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso bya migraine birushaho kwiyongera kuri bamwe mu bakoresha. Ni ngombwa kandi kuvugana na muganga ukwiye (urugero nk'uruhu rwawe rw'uruhu cyangwa PCP) kugira ngo ubamenyeshe ko ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura buri muri gahunda yawe yo kuvura. Amaherezo, shaka ubuvuzi ku muganga wemewe. Jagdeo agira ati: "Urumuri rushobora kwangiza, ariko niba protocole ikwiye ikoreshejwe, nta ngaruka mbi ubona."
Ni nde ushobora gushaka kugerageza (no kwirinda) uburyo bwo kuvura urumuri rutukura
Ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura bwagenewe kuvura bufasha. Ibisobanuro: Ntabwo bishoboka ko ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura ari bwo buryo bwonyine ukoresha mu gukemura ikibazo cy'ubuzima cyangwa uruhu. Urugero, hamwe n'urumuri rutukura, ushobora no gukoresha umuti wo mu bwoko bwa "retinoid" (nk'umuti wo mu bwoko bwa "retinoid") ku biheri cyangwa ibice bito, nk'uko Jagdeo abivuga. Arany avuga ko niba utwite, ugomba kwirinda ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura. Kandi niba urimo kuvura indwara runaka, banza usubize umutima kwa muganga wawe.
Gutangirana n'ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura
Dore icyo ushobora kumenya mbere yo kugerageza ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura uyobowe n'umuganga w'inzobere mu by'ubuzima. Ubusanzwe, ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura bukorwa mu byiciro bitandukanye mu gihe runaka. Urugero, Jagdeo avuga ko ku bijyanye n'ibibazo by'uruhu, atanga inama yo kugerageza ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura gatatu mu cyumweru mu gihe cy'iminota 10 buri gihe mu gihe cy'ukwezi kumwe nibura. Yagize ati: “Hari abarwayi babona ibisubizo mu gihe gito nk'ukwezi kumwe, ariko akenshi ibi bisubizo bikomeza kuba byiza uko igihe kigenda gihita.” Nubwo hari ibikoresho byinshi byo kuvura urumuri rutukura mu rugo biboneka kugurishwa, ni byiza kuvugana n'inzobere mu kuvura indwara z'uruhu cyangwa inzobere mu kuvura ububabare mbere yo kugerageza ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura wenyine. Ikiganiro n'umuganga w'inzobere mu by'ubuzima bizagufasha kutagena intego zawe z'ubuzima no kumenya niba ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura bukubereye gusa, ahubwo bizanagufasha kubona igikoresho cyihariye cyo mu rugo gikwiye ikiguzi.
Icyo wakwitega mbere, mu gihe cyo kuvura, na nyuma yo kuvura urumuri rutukura
Birashoboka ko bitazababaza. Ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura ntibutera ububabare kandi ntibubabaza abantu benshi. Igikoresho gikoreshwa mu ntoki gishobora gukandagirwa ku ruhu aho imvune cyangwa ububabare byabereye. Niba uryamye mu gitanda cyuzuye cyangwa agapira gakoresha urumuri rutukura n'urumuri rurerure, ushobora kumva ubushyuhe buturutse ku matabi y'urumuri rurerure. Ntugakwiye kwitega ko uzahura n'ingaruka mbi zo kuvurwa, nk'uko Arany abivuga. Reba amaso yawe. Baza umuganga niba ari ngombwa kwambara ubwirinzi bw'amaso mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Ushobora kumva utuje. Kimwe mu byiza by'ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rurerure ni uburyo abantu bavuga ko bumva baruhutse nyuma yo kuvurwa, nk'uko Jagdeo abivuga. Tekereza kuri iki gihe cyawe kandi wite ku ngaruka zo kuruhuka. Ushobora gukenera ubuvuzi burenze bumwe. Vugana n'umuganga wawe mbere y'igihe kugira ngo umenye umubare w'amasomo uzakenera (n'inshuro), kugira ngo usobanukirwe neza urwego rw'ubuvuzi. Ibi bizatandukana cyane bitewe n'ikibazo cy'ubuzima urimo gukemura. Arany agira ati: “Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ndetse n’uburyo bumwe bwo kuvura bwagaragaye ko bufite akamaro, mu gihe uburyo bwo kuvura bwa PBM bukomeye cyane ari inshuro eshatu mu cyumweru mu gihe cy’ibyumweru bine, nibura, kugira ngo ubone ingaruka nziza.” Ibi byose bivuzwe, ibuka ko isi ya phototherapy irimo gutera imbere, kandi hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha uburebure butandukanye bw’umuraba, ingano, n’ibikoresho bitandukanye ku buzima bwihariye. Ni byiza kugisha inama abaganga b’uruhu, inzobere mu kuvura ububabare, cyangwa muganga wawe niba ufite ibibazo cyangwa mbere yuko wiyemeza kuvura buhendutse. Ubuyobozi bw’abaganga buzagufasha gusuzuma ibyiza n’ingaruka zo kuvura urumuri rutukura ku ntego zawe bwite z’ubuzima.
Imfashanyigisho zo kuvura urumuri rutukura Dukunda
Imiryango myiza cyane
PBM FoundationKugira ngo ubone amakuru ajyanye na PBM icyo ari cyo, uko ikora, n'indwara ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukemura, iyi fondasiyo ni isoko nziza cyane. Uzashobora kandi kureba amashusho agaragaza ubuhamya bw'abarwayi bavuga uburyo ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura bwabafashije. Ishuri Rikuru ry'Abanyamerika ry'Ubumenyi bw'Uruhu Ishyirahamwe rikomeye ry'abaganga b'uruhu ryigisha ku ngingo zitandukanye zo kwita ku ruhu, harimo no gukoresha ubuvuzi bw'urumuri ku ndwara zitandukanye, nka rosacea, ibiheri, na psoriasis, ritanga igitekerezo kidashingiye ku busumbane kandi gishyigikiwe na siyansi ku bijyanye n'aho ubushakashatsi buhagaze.
Ikigo cy'amasomo cyiza cyane
Kaminuza ya Shepherd Kaminuza ya Shepherd iherutse gufungura Ikigo Gishya cy’Ubuhanga mu Guhindura Imiterere y’Inyama kugira ngo gifashe mu guteza imbere ubumenyi bwa siyansi n’iterambere mu bijyanye no guhindura imiterere y’amashusho (harimo n’ubuvuzi bw’urumuri rutukura).
Inkomoko nziza za siyansi
Guhindura imiterere y'umubiri, Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri, n'Ubuvuzi bwa Laser. Wifuza gukomeza kumenya amakuru agezweho ku nyandiko za siyansi ku buvuzi bw'umubiri? Reba ikinyamakuru cyasuzumwe n'urungano cya Photobiomodulation, Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri, n'Ubuvuzi bwa Laser kugira ngo umenye ibibazo biriho n'ibyahise ku buvuzi bw'umubiri, ubuvuzi bw'umubiri bw'urwego rwo hasi, ubuvuzi bw'umubiri bw'umubiri, n'ubuvuzi bw'umubiri bw'icyuma. Ikigo cy'Igihugu cy'Ubuzima Bwuzuzanya n'Ubufatanye NCCIH ni isoko nziza yo kubona aho ubwumvikane bwa siyansi buhagaze inyuma y'ubuvuzi bwuzuzanya. Ushobora gushakisha ukurikije ingingo cyangwa impungenge z'ubuzima muri database yabo hanyuma ugasoma ku buvuzi bushyigikiwe (cyangwa budashyigikiwe) n'ubushakashatsi.