Imirasire ya ultraviolet (UV), yaba ituruka ku zuba karemano cyangwa ku masoko y’ubukorano nka za mashini zikoresha tan (sunbeds), igira ingaruka zikomeye ku budahangarwa bw’umubiri bw’umuntu. Nubwo ultraviolet iri ku rugero ruciriritse ishyigikira ingano ya vitamine D—ifite akamaro mu mikorere y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri—ikwirakwira cyane cyane mu bikoresho bikoresha tan, bishobora kugabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri no kongera ibyago ku buzima.
Ni izihe ngaruka urumuri rwa UV rugira ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri?
1. Imirasire ya UV n'ihindagurika ry'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
A. Ingaruka zo gukumira ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
Guhagarika ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri mu gace utuyemo:
Imirasire ya UVB (280–315 nm) na UVA (315–400 nm) yinjira mu ruhu, ikangiza ADN mu turemangingo twa keratinocytes n'uturemangingo tw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.
Ibi bitera kurekurwa kwa cytokines zigabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri (urugero, IL-10, TNF-α), bigabanya ubushobozi bw'uruhu bwo kurwanya indwara zandura na kanseri.
Uturemangingo twa Langerhans (uturemangingo tw’ingenzi tw’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri mu ruhu) turagabanuka, bigatuma antigen zigaragara nabi.
Kugabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri:
Guhura n’imirasire y’izuba idakira (cyane cyane UVA mu duce dukoresha ibara ry’umuhondo) bishobora kugabanya imikorere y’uturemangingo twa T, bikagabanya ubwirinzi bw’umubiri ku ndwara zandura n’inkingo.
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko gukoresha cyane uruhu rwo mu buriri bitera kwandura indwara za virusi (urugero: herpes simplex, HPV) ndetse n'indwara z'uruhu ziterwa na bagiteri.
B. Vitamine D n'akamaro k'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
Vitamine D iterwa na UVB yongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri binyuze mu gutuma peptide irwanya udukoko (urugero, cathelicidin) ikorwa.
Ariko, imashini zikora ibara ry’uruhu zisohora ahanini UVA, idatanga Vitamine D neza, ibi bikaba bikuraho iyi nyungu.
Ingaruka z'imirasire ya ultraviolet ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri zishobora guterwa n'ubumenyi?
1. Gabanya inshuro n'igihe cyo kugenzura.
Gukoresha ibara ry'uruhu ntibigomba kurenza iminota 10 kandi ntibigomba kurenza kabiri mu cyumweru kugira ngo hirindwe ko byangirika igihe kirekire.
2. Kongera ubuvuzi mbere na nyuma yo kubagwa.
Gukoresha uburyo bwo kuvura uruhu no kuruhura (vitamine C na E) hamwe n'ibikoresho byo kwita ku ruhu bishobora kugabanya kwangirika guterwa n'imirasire ya ultraviolet.
3. Witondere impinduka ziba mu mubiri.
Shaka abaganga vuba niba uhuye n'indwara zisubiramo, uruhu rudakunze kumera neza, cyangwa erythema, kandi ureke gukoresha imiti igabanya ubushyuhe.