Indwara ya Alzheimer, indwara ikomeza kwangirika kw'imitsi, igaragara binyuze mu bimenyetso nko kwibagirwa, aphasia, agnosia, no kudakora neza kw'imikorere y'umubiri. Ubusanzwe, abarwayi bishingikirizaga ku miti kugira ngo bagabanye ibimenyetso. Ariko, bitewe n'imbogamizi n'ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n'iyi miti, abashakashatsi berekeje ibitekerezo byabo ku buvuzi bw'izuba budakoresha imiti, bagera ku ntambwe zikomeye mu myaka ya vuba aha.
Vuba aha, itsinda riyobowe na Porofeseri Zhou Feifan wo muri Kaminuza ya Hainan mu ishami ry’ubuhanga mu by’ubuvuzi ryavumbuye ko uburyo bwo kuvura indwara hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa “transcranial phototherapy” bushobora kugabanya ibimenyetso by’indwara no kongera ubushobozi bwo gutekereza ku mbeba zigeze mu za bukuru n’izirwaye Alzheimer. Iki cyegeranyo cy’ingenzi cyasohotse mu kinyamakuru Nature Communications, gitanga ingamba nziza zo kuvura indwara z’ubwonko.
Gusobanukirwa indwara ya Alzheimer
Impamvu nyayo itera Alzheimer ntabwo irasobanuka neza, ariko irangwa no kwishyira hamwe kwa poroteyine za beta-amyloid ku buryo budasanzwe no gufungana kwa neurofibrillary, bigatera imikorere mibi y’ubwonko no kugabanuka k’ubushobozi bwo gutekereza. Ubwonko, nk’urugingo rukora cyane mu mubiri, bukora imyanda myinshi mu gihe cy’imikorere y’ubwonko. Iyi myanda yiyongera cyane ishobora kwangiza ubwonko, bigasaba ko bukurwa neza binyuze muri sisitemu ya lymphatic.
Imiyoboro y'amaraso yo mu bwonko, ingenzi cyane mu gusohora amazi mu mitsi yo hagati, igira uruhare runini mu gukuraho poroteyine za beta-amyloid zihumanya, imyanda ikoreshwa mu gutunganya imikorere y'umubiri, no kugenzura imikorere y'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, bigatuma iba intego yo kuvurwa.
Ingaruka za Phototherapy kuri Alzheimer
Itsinda rya Porofeseri Zhou ryakoresheje laser ya 808 nm hafi ya infrared mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bine mu kuvura imbeba zishaje n'izirwaye Alzheimer's non-contact. Ubu buvuzi bwongereye cyane imikorere y'uturemangingo tw'imitsi yo mu bwonko, bunoza imiyoboro y'amazi ya lymphatic, kandi amaherezo bugabanya ibimenyetso by'indwara ndetse bunanoza imikorere y'ubwonko mu mbeba.
Guteza imbere imikorere y'imitsi binyuze mu buvuzi bw'amafoto
Phtotherapy ishobora kongera no kunoza imikorere y’imitsi binyuze mu buryo butandukanye. Urugero, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bugira uruhare runini mu ndwara ya Alzheimer. Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekana ko imirasire ya laser ya 532 nm ishobora kongera imikorere y’uturemangingo tw’umubiri, igatera imikorere y’uturemangingo mu mitsi yo hagati, ikanoza indwara yo kwibagirwa imitsi, kandi ikanoza imikorere y’amaraso n’ibimenyetso by’uburwayi ku barwayi ba Alzheimer. Imirasire ya mbere ya laser ya laser yagaragaje iterambere rikomeye mu mitsi y’amaraso, imitsi y’amaraso, iterana ry’uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso, n’ibizamini by’ubwonko.
Uburyo bwo kuvura uturemangingo tw’umutuku n’utw’urumuri rwa infrared (photobiomodulation) bukoreshwa mu bice by’umubiri biri ku nkengero z’umubiri (umugongo n’amaguru) bushobora gukora uburyo bwo kurinda uturemangingo tw’umubiri cyangwa uturemangingo tw’umubiri, bigafasha mu kubaho kw’uturemangingo tw’ubwonko no kugaragaza imiterere y’uturemangingo mu buryo bwiza.
Kwangirika kwa okisidasiyo nabyo ni inzira ikomeye y’uburwayi mu iterambere rya Alzheimer. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko imirasire y’urumuri rutukura ishobora kongera imikorere ya ATP mu turemangingo, igatera impinduka mu mikorere ya metabolic kuva kuri glycolysis kugera kuri mitochondrial muri microglia itera ububabare yagizweho ingaruka na oligomeric beta-amyloid, yongera urugero rwa microglia irwanya ububabare, ikagabanya cytokines zitera ububabare, kandi igatuma phagocytosis ikora kugira ngo hirindwe urupfu rw’imitsi.
Kunoza ubwitonzi, ubumenyi, no kwita ku buzima burambye ni ubundi buryo bwiza bwo kongera ubuzima bw'abarwayi ba Alzheimer. Abashakashatsi basanze urumuri rw'ubururu rugufi rufite uburebure bw'amabara bigira ingaruka nziza ku mikorere y'ubwonko no ku mikorere y'amarangamutima. Imirasire y'urumuri rw'ubururu ishobora guteza imbere imikorere y'imitsi, ikagira ingaruka ku mikorere ya acetylcholinesterase (AchE) na choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), bityo bikanoza ubushobozi bwo kwiga no kwibuka.
Ingaruka nziza za Phototherapy ku mitsi y'ubwonko
Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bw’abahanga bwemeza ingaruka nziza za phototherapy ku mikorere y’imitsi yo mu bwonko. Ifasha mu gukora uburyo bwo kurinda uturemangingo tw’umubiri, igateza imbere imikorere y’uturemangingo tw’imitsi, kandi ikarinda urugero rwa ogisijeni ikoreshwa mu mitochondrial. Ibi byavuye mu bushakashatsi bishyiraho ishingiro rikomeye ry’ikoreshwa rya phototherapy mu buvuzi.
Hashingiwe kuri ibi bitekerezo, Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Ngabo z’Ubwenge cya MERICAN, ku bufatanye n’itsinda ry’Abadage na za kaminuza nyinshi, ubushakashatsi, n’ibigo by’ubuvuzi, bakoze ubushakashatsi ku bantu bari hagati y’imyaka 30-70 bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, ubumuga bwo kwibuka, ubumuga bwo gusobanukirwa no gufata ibyemezo, hamwe n’ubushobozi bwo kwiga buke. Abitabiriye amahugurwa bujuje amabwiriza y’imirire n’imibereho myiza mu gihe bari muri fototherapi mu cyumba cy’ubuvuzi cya MERICAN, hamwe n’ubwoko bw’imiti n’ingano yayo.
Nyuma y'amezi atatu y'ibizamini by'imitsi, ibizamini by'imiterere yo mu mutwe, n'ibizamini byo mu bwenge, ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byagaragaje iterambere rigaragara mu manota ya MMSE, ADL, na HDS mu bakoresha phototherapy mu nzu z'ubuzima. Abitabiriye kandi babonye uburyo bwo kongera kwitabwaho mu maso, ubwiza bw'ibitotsi, no kugabanuka k'imihangayiko.
Ibi byavumbuwe bigaragaza ko ubuvuzi bushingiye ku buhanga bushobora gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo kuvura bufasha mu kugenzura imikorere y'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko, kugabanya ububabare bw'ubwonko n'ibindi bijyana nabwo, kunoza ubushobozi bwo gutekereza no kongera kwibuka. Byongeye kandi, bifungura inzira nshya zo kuvura hakoreshejwe ubuhanga butuma habaho uburyo bwo kwirinda indwara.
