Uburiri bwo gusiga ibara ry'uruhu bwabaye uburyo buzwi cyane bwo kugera ku mucyo ucanwa n'izuba mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, ariko bukora bute neza? Muri iyi nkuru, turasuzuma siyansi iri inyuma y'uburiri bwo gusiga ibara ry'uruhu, ingaruka zabwo ku ruhu, n'ubundi buryo bwizewe bwo kugabanya isura y'umuhondo.
1. Ubumenyi bwihishe inyuma y'uburiri bwo gushushanya
Imirasire y'izuba ikoresha imirasire y'urumuri rw'izuba (ultraviolet) kugira ngo yigane ingaruka z'izuba. Dore uburyo ihindura uruhu rwawe umwijima:
Ibice by'ingenzi:
- Amatara ya UV: Asohora imirasire ya UVA (95%) na UVB (5%), nk'iy'izuba.
- Ikirahure cya Acrylic: Kiyungurura UVB kugira ngo kigabanye ibyago byo gushya.
- Sisitemu yo Gupima Igihe: Igabanya igihe umuntu ashobora kunyuramo (ubusanzwe iminota 5-20 kuri buri gice).
Uko Gusiga Ibara ry'Izuba Bikorwa:
- Uruhu rugaragaza ibyangiritse.
- Umusaruro wa Melanine → Umubiri urekura melanini nyinshi (ibara) kugira ngo wirinde.
- Uruhu rugira umwirabura → Ibisubizo bigaragara mu masaha cyangwa iminsi.
Imirasire ya UVA na UVB:
- UVA yinjira cyane, igatera gusaza igihe kirekire (iminkanyari, amabara y'izuba).
- UVB igira ingaruka ku gice cyo hanze cy'umubiri, bigatuma habaho gushya no kurwara kanseri.
2. Ubwoko bw'ibitanda byo gusiga ibara ry'uruhu
| Ubwoko | Uko Bikora | Ibyiza Kuri | Igihe cy'inama |
|---|---|---|---|
| Umuvuduko Muke | Ahanini ni UVA, ibara ryoroheje ariko rigenda buhoro | Abatangizi | Iminota 10–20 |
| Umuvuduko Ukabije | UVA ikomeye, ibisubizo byihuse | Abahanga mu gushushanya uruhu bafite uburambe | Iminota 5–15 |
| Guhagarara | Nta gukora ku mubiri, ndetse n'ibara ry'umuhondo | Kwirinda ibimenyetso by'ibitanda | Iminota 8–12 |
3. Ingaruka ku buzima ziterwa no gukaraba ibitanda
Impamvu Impuguke Ziburira Kubyanga:
- Kanseri y'uruhu → ibyago byo kwandura melanoma biri hejuru ya 75% iyo uyikoresheje buri gihe (OMS).
- Gusaza imburagihe → UVA isenya kolajeni, igatera iminkanyari.
- Kwangirika kw'amaso → Ubushye bw'ijisho cyangwa gutwikirwa na katarakte nta ndorerwamo.
- Ingaruka zo Kunywa Ibiyobyabwenge → Bamwe mu bakoresha barwara indwara ya tinorexia (ibara ry’uruhu rikabije).
Bibujijwe ku bana bato mu bihugu byinshi (urugero, mu Bwongereza, muri Ositaraliya, muri Brezili).
4. Uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha mu mwanya w'uburiri bwo gusiga irangi
Niba ushaka ibara ry'umuhondo ridafite ingaruka ku mirasire ya UV, gerageza:
√ Amavuta yo kwisiga (akozwe muri DHA, amara ~ icyumweru 1).
√ Spray Tans (Gukoresha umwuga, urumuri rwihuse).
√ Makeup ya Bronzing (Iy'igihe gito, nta kwiyemeza).
√ Ubuvuzi bw'urumuri rutukura (butari UV, byongera ubuzima bw'uruhu).
5. Ingingo y'ingenzi
Gushyira uruhu mu mwanya warwo bitanga imirasire ya UV itera melanin gukora, ariko bizana ingaruka zikomeye nka kanseri no gusaza imburagihe. Kugira ngo ubone urumuri rwiza, hitamo ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa tanners zitagira izuba cyangwa spray tans.
Wari Ubizi? Gukoresha irangi rimwe gusa mu nzu mbere y'imyaka 35 byongera ibyago byo kwandura melanoma ku kigero cya 59% (Ishuri Rikuru ry'Abanyamerika ry'Ubumenyi bw'uruhu).