Umuvuduko w'amaraso uterwa n'ingufu (oxidative stress) uba iyo hari ubusumbane hagatiimisemburo y'ubuntu(ubwoko bwa ogisijeni ikora cyangwa ROS) hamwe n'ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kugabanya cyangwa gusana ibyangiritse byatewe nabyo. Radicals yigenga ni molekile zishobora kwangiza uturemangingo, poroteyine, na ADN, bigatera gusaza, indwara zidakira, no kubyimba.
Ntabwo byoroshye kumenya niba hari ikibazo cy’ingufu zikomoka ku bidukikije kuko bigenda bikura buhoro buhoro kandi bishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Ariko hari ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe, hamwe n’ibizamini byihariye, bishobora kugufasha kumenya niba ushobora kuba uhanganye n’ikibazo cy’ingufu zikomoka ku bidukikije.
Ibimenyetso n'ibimenyetso by'umuvuduko w'umwuka uhumanya (Oxidative Stress)
- Umunaniro cyangwa Ingufu nke:
- Imihangayiko ya oxidative ishobora kwangiza mitochondria (ingufu zikoreshwa mu turemangingo), bigatuma umuntu agira umunaniro udashira cyangwa yumva afite umunaniro nubwo yaruhuka bihagije.
- Gusaza imburagihe:
- Ubwiyongere bw'umuvuduko wa oxidative bushobora kwihutisha gusaza, bigatera iminkanyari, uruhu rucika, imirongo mito, n'uduheri two gusaza bitewe no kwangirika kwa kolajeni na elastine.
- Ububyimbirwe budakira:
- Imihangayiko ya oxidative ifitanye isano rya bugufi no kubyimba. Niba urwaye indwara nk'izirubagimpande, indwara y'ububyimbirwe bw'amaracyangwaindwara z'uruhu(urugero, eczema, psoriasis), stress ya oxidative ishobora kuba intandaro y’ibyo.
- Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budafite imbaraga:
- Imihangayiko ya oxidative igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, bigatuma urushaho kwandura indwara, indwara, ndetse n'indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri.
- Kugabanuka k'ubwonko cyangwa kwibuka:
- Indwara zikomoka ku ruhu zishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw’ubwonko n’uturemangingo tw’ubwonko, bigatera gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kwibuka, kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu, gushonga k’ubwonko, cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe.Indwara ya AlzheimernaIndwara ya Parkinsonbifitanye isano no kwangirika kwa ogisijeni.
- Uburemere bw'imitsi cyangwa ububabare bw'ingingo:
- Ihungabana ry’umwuka rituma umuntu agiraumunaniro w'imitsinakubabara ingingo, akenshi binyuze mu gutera ububabare no kwangirika kw'imitsi. Ushobora kumva ubabara nyuma yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa ukagira ububabare buhoraho nta mpamvu igaragara.
- Ibibazo by'uruhu:
- Imihangayiko ya oxidative ishobora kongera indwara nkoibiheri, rosaceacyangwaeczemabitewe n'ububyimbirwe n'ibyangiritse bitera ku turemangingo tw'uruhu.
- Gukira nabi kw'ibikomere:
- Iyo hari ikibazo cy’ingufu zikomoka ku bidukikije (oxidative stress), ubushobozi bw’umubiri bwo kwisana buragabanuka, bigatuma ibikomere bitinda gukira cyangwa imvune zidakira.
- Ibibazo by'igogora:
- Kwangiza uturemangingo tw’amara bishobora gutera ibibazo nk’ibiindwara y'igifu, amara ava, indwara yo mu mara iterwa n'umura ushyushye (IBS)cyangwakubabara mu igogora.
- Ibibazo by'ubuhumekero:
- Imihangayiko ya oxidative ishobora gutera indwara z'ibihaha nkaasima, indwara idakira yo mu bihaha (COPD), naindwara zidakira zo mu mazuru.
- Ingaruka zo kurwara indwara zidakira ziyongera:
- Imihangayiko ya oxidative yakunze kugaragara mu ndwara zitandukanye zidakira, nkoindwara z'umutima, diyabete, kanseri, indwara z'ubwonko, naindwara yo gucika kw'imitsi.
Impamvu zitera stress ya oxidative
- Uburozi bushingiye ku bidukikije: Umwanda, umwotsi w'itabi, imiti, n'uburozi byose bishobora kongera stress ya oxidative.
- Ibintu bifitanye isano n'imirire: Indyo irimo isukari nyinshi, ibiryo byatunganyijwe, ibinure bitari byiza, cyangwa irimo okisidasiyo nkeya bishobora kwangiza ogisijeni.
- Umuhangayiko udashira: Imihangayiko iterwa n'umubiri, amarangamutima, cyangwa iy'imitekerereze ishobora kongera umusaruro w'udukoko twitwa free radicals no kugabanya urugero rw'uturemangingo duto (antioxidant).
- Kudakora Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Kuba umuntu wicaye ahantu hato bishobora gutera stress ya oxidative ndetse n'ibibazo by'imikorere y'umubiri.
- Kunywa inzoga nyinshi: Kunywa inzoga nyinshi bishobora gutuma habaho uturemangingo twinshi (free radicals) no kugabanya utwo tunyangingo mu mubiri.
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri irenze urugero cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri irenze urugeroNubwo imyitozo ngororamubiri muri rusange ari ingirakamaro, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyane cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri myinshi nta gukira bihagije bishobora kongera stress ya oxidative.
Uburyo bwo kwemeza ko umuntu afite stress ya oxidative:
Niba ukeka ko ufite stress ya oxidative, dore uburyo bumwe bwo kubyemeza:
1. Ibipimo by'amaraso n'ibimenyetso by'ubuzima
Ibipimo bimwe na bimwe byihariye bishobora gupima urwego rw'umuvuduko wa oxidative cyangwa kwangirika kwa radicals libre mu mubiri. Ibi bizamini bishobora kuba birimo:
- F2-Isoprostanes: Ikimenyetso cy'uko ibinure byangiritse mu mubiri, akenshi biba byinshi mu gihe cy'ingufu za oxidative.
- LDL ya okiside: Ingano iri hejuru ya cholesterol ya lipoprotein iri hasi cyane (LDL) ifitanye isano n'ihungabana rya oxidative hamwe n'indwara z'umutima n'imitsi.
- Superoxide Dismutase (SOD): Iyi ni enzyme ifasha mu kugabanya uturemangingo tw’umubiri. Ingano nke ya SOD ishobora kugaragaza ko hari ubusumbane mu mihangayiko ya oxidative.
- Glutathione: Glutathione ni antioxydant ikomeye mu mubiri, kandi urugero ruto rushobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'umuvuduko wa oxidative.
- Ubushobozi bwose bwo kurwanya ogisijeni (TAC): Ipima urwego rusange rwa okisidasiyo mu mubiri. Ingano nke ishobora kugaragaza ko umuntu adashobora kurwanya neza ibyangiritse bya okisidasiyo.
2. Ibikoresho byo Gufata Amashusho n'Isuzuma:
Nubwo bidakunze kugaragara mu gusuzuma stress ya oxidative, hari uburyo bwo gufata amashusho (nk'ukoMRIku buzima bw'ubwonko cyangwaultrasoundku mitsi) ishobora kubona ibyangiritse bikomoka ku bushobozi bwa oxidative, nko kubyimba cyangwa kwangirika kw'ingingo.
3. Isuzuma ry'imirire n'imibereho:
- Niba ufiteindyo irimo isukari nyinshi, stress idakiracyangwakutagira imyitozo ngororamubiri, ni ngombwa gutekereza ko stress ya oxidative ishobora kuba ikibazo. Kugisha inama umuganga ku bijyanye no guhindura imibereho cyangwa kongeramo imiti bishobora gufasha.
- A kubura intungamubiricyane cyane muriantioxydants(nka vitamine C, E, A, na selenium), bishobora kugaragaza ko hakenewe impinduka mu mirire.
4. Indangururamajwi y'Ibimenyetso:
Kumenya ibimenyetso bidashira nko umunaniro, ububabare bw'ingingo, ibibazo byo mu mutwe, ibibazo by'uruhu, cyangwa kumererwa nabi mu igogora, cyane cyane niba byaragiye bigaruka cyangwa birushaho kwiyongera. Ibi bishobora gutanga ibimenyetso, ariko amaherezo umuganga azakenera gukora ibizamini kugira ngo amenye neza indwara.
Icyo wakora niba ukeka ko ufite stress ya oxidative
- Ganira n'umukozi ushinzwe ubuvuzi: Niba ubona ko stress ya oxidative igira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe, ni ngombwa kubonana na muganga ushobora gusuzuma ibimenyetso byawe, agategeka ibizamini bikwiye, akanakugira inama yo kuvurwa cyangwa guhindura imibereho yawe.
- Indyo ikungahaye ku birwanya okisidasiyoteji: Shyiramo imbuto nyinshi, imboga, imbuto z'ubunyobwa n'imbuto mu mirire yawe, kuko ibi birimo antioxydants nyinshi zifasha mu kurwanya stress ya oxidative.
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe: Imyitozo ngororamubiri iringaniye kandi ihoraho ifasha kunoza urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso, kugabanya ububyimbirwe, no kongera urugero rw'uturemangingo duto two kurwanya indwara.
- Kurwanya Imihangayiko: Itoze uburyo bwo kuruhuka nko gutekereza cyane, yoga, guhumeka cyane, cyangwa kwitonda kugira ngo ugabanye stress ya oxidative iterwa n'ihungabana ry'amarangamutima cyangwa iry'imitekerereze.
- Irinde uburozi: Kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ibidukikije, umwotsi w'itabi, no kunywa inzoga nyinshi kugira ngo ugabanye kwangirika kw'ibikomoka ku bidukikije.
Umwanzuro:
Umuhangayiko wa ogisidasiyo ushobora kugaragara binyuze mu bimenyetso bitandukanye, birimo umunaniro, gusaza imburagihe, kubabara ingingo, ibibazo by'uruhu, no kugabanuka k'ubwenge. Nubwo ibimenyetso byonyine bidahagije mu gusuzuma, ibimenyetso byihariye n'ibizamini bishobora gufasha kwemeza ko hari umuhangayiko wa ogisidasiyo. Niba urimo uhura n'ibimenyetso byinshi bya ogisidasiyo, ni ngombwa kugisha inama umuganga kugira ngo agufashe gukemura impamvu zibitera no kugabanya ingaruka binyuze mu guhindura imibereho, guhindura imirire, cyangwa inyongeramusaruro.